Textbased Reading Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Textbased Reading Assignment - Essay Example And upon this departure, "happiness" is coined up as the response to its inquiring mind as its ultimate end of its quest for truth. The Epicurean teaching of happiness as described in the study of philosophy entails the idea or that collaborates with the theory of "imperialism" (i.e. a form of knowledge acquired or is that knowledge perceived by the use of our senses or the process called sensation). It is by the reason of providing the idea of "casualty" (The principle of cause and effect relationship) in viewing or in understanding the concept of happiness in the Epicurean teaching, as of that which is motivated by the direct encounter to the corporeal world (material world) or the things seen or being felt present in the reality. And thus, this encounter with the corporeal world gives us the effect or the idea of both "pleasure and pain". Moreover, in realizing what does Epicurus mean by saying that pleasure is our "primary native good" connotes of that "good" in relation to "feeling" as a means or tool of its criterion for happiness. In this manner, the role of sensation provides as the key to understand in having the concept of "pleasure" as that which satisfies one's (individual) need. Pleasure then takes place upon describing certain stances that serve as an appetite towards living or its existence. Thus, the Epicurean concept of pleasure as a "primary native good" gives us the idea of understanding as the first step of its hierarchy of attributing towards a self fulfilment or a happy life. According to the Epicurean teaching, pleasure should not always be the choice or our option to select at. It is because it entails (in Epicurean concept) the idea of consisting "Primary and Congenital good". To illustrate such concept, in understanding the idea of "primary good", it gives us the thought of a skin form or level of understanding the concept of "pleasure" as a matter of "feeling". And thus it leads us to the idea of "sensation" that construct upon this concept of primary. The Congenital good persuade upon the concept or the idea of understanding to what is there seen not present in the reality but only find in its existence in the "world of forms or ideas" (the word "world of form" originates in the Platonean Concept). Thus, its essence (the nature of its being) provides us the thought of that is innate to its characteristics. And thus, evaluating these two factors (Primary and Congenital good) speaks of a subjective interpretation or judgement because of its approach of arriving of its own idea. As stipulated in the Epicurean doctrine, "A person who does not have a pleasant life in not living sensibly, nobly and justly, and conversely the person who does not have these virtues cannot live pleasantly (Epicurus, Leading Doctrines, p. 53, 5th paragraph). In view to this quotation, indicates that the Epicurean teaching doesn't agree that it is possible to lead a virtuous but unpleasant life. To depart from these lines, pleasure connotes a connection to moral virtues of man or a person that is associated to hi being. Moral good then construct a definition towards a good life. Therefore, such concept perceives or illustrates an idea that it is impossible "to be" and "not to be" at the same place and at the same time. The researcher's analysis unto this study to the Epicurean way of teaching of understanding pleasure relating to morality, as with regards to the impossibility of having virtuous and yet

Innovation, Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Innovation, - Assignment Example In fact, obesity is now considered to be an epidemic such that it has alarmed public health officials and policy makers to consider some methods to reduce the high rates of obesity (Pool, 2000). As a note, obesity is measured using the body mass index (BMI) of a person. BMI is computed by dividing the body mass (in kilograms) by the square of that person's height (in meters); hence the BMI is given in units of kgs/m2. A person whose BMI is below 18.5 is considered underweight; a BMI between 18.5 to 25 is normal weight or optimal; a BMI above 25 up to 30 indicates the person is overweight, and finally, a BMI of above 30 is accepted as obese, while anyone with a BMI of over 30 is morbidly obese (or a condition of morbid obesity, which means there is now a real danger of physical complications and even death). The American Medical Association (AMA) had recently declared obesity as a disease by itself that is now so prevalent worldwide (The Boston Globe, 2013). More people are also findi ng it more convenient to drive their own motor vehicles to work or to go someplace rather than take the public transport system, like the bus or the metro rail system. Moreover, there are now more senior citizens driving their own cars due to increasing longevity from better health interventions; people who are sixty years and above are considered as senior citizens by the World Health Organization (WHO) as older adults (WHO, 2002). Considering all these, it is fair to expect a demand and people will buy this new gadget once introduced to the market. What has to happen – the number of driver-related road accidents are increasing every year due to a number of factors, such as reckless driving (teen-aged drivers ignorant of traffic laws and ignore safety in proper driving procedures), driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs (DUI), people who were drowsy or sleepy or worse, even fell asleep as they were driving, those who still drive despite being diagnosed with hyperten sion (high blood pressure) which can affect both their judgment and reflexes, and finally, people who suffered a stroke (heart attack) while driving such as those mentioned earlier (people who are at increased risk for strokes such as elderly drivers) or older adults in their sixties, seventies, and even in their eighties and nineties who still drive their own motor vehicles despite the increased risks for collisions and accidents. In the United States of America, which has one of the highest density of motor vehicles ownership, the number of accident statistics grouped by age brackets by the U.S. Department of Commerce showed the age group 25-34 years-old as having the highest rate of fatal accidents (19.8%), followed by the 35-44 years-old age bracket (17.6%), then next is the 45-54 years-old age group (16.7%), followed next by the 20-24 years-old age bracket (15.0%), and the youngest age group of 19 years-old and under (12.2%). For older drivers who belong to the 55-64 years-old age bracket, the accident rate per 100,000 licensed driver is 10.4%, followed by the next age group of 65-74 years old at 5.0%, and lastly, those who are 75 years old or above, at 3.3% (U.S. Department of Commerce, 2012); for these last three oldest age groups, their collective rate is at a cumulative 18.7% which is close to the

Public Relations In Non Profit Organisations Marketing Essay

Public Relations In Non Profit Organisations Marketing Essay First this essay will explain the role of public relations in non-profit organisations and provide a brief description of our campaign; second the campaigns strengths and weaknesses will be discussed; third the campaign will be discussed in relation to public relations theory; and finally a conclusion summarising the main points discussed in this essay Public Relations and Non-Profit Organisations: Public relations can play an important role for non-profit organisations, providing the support to create new, and maintain existing relationships necessary to meet organisational goals, meet fundraising targets, and develop organisational awareness. As Broom, Center, and Cutlip state, there are five functions the practitioner aims to carry out within non-profit organisations, these are to: Define or brand the organisation, gain acceptance of its mission, and protect its reputation. Develop channels of communication with those an organization serves. Create and maintain a favourable climate for fundraising. Support the development and maintenance of public policy that is favourable to an organizations mission. Inform and motivate key organizational constituents (such as employees, volunteers, and trustees) to dedicate themselves and work productively in support of an organizations mission, goal, and objectives. (Broom, Center, Cutlip, 2006, p. 449) Campaign Description: Intentio PR designed a campaign to achieve two goals; first to increase the amount of funding Parent to Parent receives through creating relationships with the business community; and second to increase awareness of Parent to Parent through the relationships and campaigns developed with the business community. Therefore, Intentio PRs key campaign goal was to increase the amount of funding Parent to Parent receives, while simultaneously increasing awareness of Parent to Parent and their services to key audiences. Intentio PR proposed three projects to achieve these goals: A redevelopment of Parent to Parents website to be more interactive, and to allow for a better donation function. A cause related marketing campaign with Huggies, where a certain amount of each Huggies product purchased was donated to the organisation A relationship with TradeMe, in which users can donate the auction success fee or entire proceeds for an auctioned item to Parent to Parent. Campaign Strength and Weaknesses: Prior to the development of Intentio PRs three campaigns, Parent to Parents current situation was researched, more specifically research concentrated on their purpose and mission, their current financial situation, and their sources of funding. The information gathered from this influenced our next stage of research as we found that there was a problem with funding, and that businesses were not approached for funding, focussing efforts on grants and applications instead. Stemming from our organisational information, we then conducted research that looked into what motivates businesses to provide sponsorship to non-profit organisations, what they see as essential to this relationship, and their level of awareness for organisations providing services to the disabled. Research also looked into the funding and sponsorship situations of the regional Parent to Parent offices. We encountered difficulties in relation to this research in regards to response rates, from both business, and the regional offices contacted to participate. Although not sufficient to produce any significant generalisations to either of the communities surveyed, the information gathered did produce enough relevant data to help in the formation of our campaign goals and objectives. The goals for this campaign fit in to two management situations that Smith describes, a task management goal focused on obtaining more funding, and reputation management goal which is focussed on Parent to Parents awareness and perception (Smith, 2002, p. 69). Although our campaign had a goal derived from our previous research and worked, as Smith states, to provide the direction while objectives pinpoint the destination (Smith, 2002, p. 67) I believe we could have developed more specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and timely (SMART) objectives for the three campaigns developed. Consequently, this would have allowed for us to develop more specific and detailed campaign evaluations, which lacked any specific criteria to measure success against. The reputation or awareness objective that was listed could have been improved by specifically stating who the community mentioned is, for example amongst all parents of disabled children; and by providing measurable targets for the objective, for example an increase of awareness by 60%, although previous awareness levels of the organisation amongst the target audience for the objective would be needed as the standard to be measured against. Public Relations Theory: Although we attempted to use the four step process, that is research, planning, action, and evaluation, our campaign was lacking in areas such as planning and evaluation that would have brought it together. Five theories I would use to describe and evaluate aspects of Intentio PRs campaign would be systems theory, the two-way asymmetrical model, social exchange theory, social learning theory, and situational theory. Systems theory can be used to examine both the internal and external relationships an organisation has with its employees and customers. Baskin, Heiman, Lattimore, and Toth describe organisations as made up of interrelated parts, adapting and adjusting to changes in theenvironments in which they operate. Organisations have recognisable boundaries, within which there must be a communication structure that guides the parts of the organisation to achieve organisational goals. (Baskin, Heiman, Lattimore, Toth, 2007, pp. 44-45) These organisations can be considered either open or closed systems; open systems allowing the flow of information from outside stakeholders, and how these relationships with outside stakeholders might affect the organisation; closed systems choosing to focus on past decisions and how these have performed when making decisions, preferring not to seek new information from outside of the organisation. Our campaign would be based on an open systems theory, with research in to outside organisations and how these relationships are established, and maintained being conducted, as previously discussed; also, we seek to establish new relationships with Huggies, and TradeMe to increase funding and awareness. As surveys were mainly used to explore relationships with businesses, and the information found used to develop or influence our campaign design, the two-way asymmetrical best describes our research and development model, as Tench and Yeomans state Feedback from audiences is important in this model of communication, but it is used to adapt communication strategies to be more persuasive, not to alter the organisations position. (Tench Yeomans, 2006, p. 147) Intentio PRs cause related marketing campaign with Huggies establishes an exchange with the consumer of the Huggies product; for every product the consumer purchases, $2.00 will be donated towards Parent to Parent. Therefore, the act of buying this product (the cost), results in them helping out a charitable organisation (the reward). I believe this is an example of the social exchange theory, which uses the economic metaphor of costs and benefits to predict behaviour. It assumes that individuals and groups choose strategies based on perceived rewards and costs. (Baskin, Heiman, Lattimore, Toth, 2007, p. 48) I believe the social learning theory, which states that we can learn new behaviours merely by observing others (Baskin, Heiman, Lattimore, Toth, 2007, p. 50), is applicable to our TradeMe Team Up campaign. Although there will be a media release and other promotional material in relation to this campaign, the main method in which TradeMe members are going to learn about these donation features are through observing and adapting this behaviour from another member who has used these features on their auction(s). Both VanLeuven; and Baskin, Heiman, Lattimore Toth state that the more positive and rewarding the consequences, the more likely the behaviour will occur. (VanLeuven, 1989, p. 196) Therefore the probability of the observing TradeMe member adopting this behaviour (the donation feature) is more likely if they believe the reward (donating money to a charitable cause) is a sufficient or positive reward for performing the task; the goal of the promotional effort for this campaign should consequently be to align TradeMe Team Up campaign as so. Situational theory, according to Tench, and Yeomans; and Baskin, Heiman, Lattimore Toth (2007, p.46-47), divides an organisations publics according to those publics who actively seek and process information about an organisation or an issue of interest, and those publics that passively receive informationas the situation, problem, opportunity, or issue changes, the publics, with which the organisation must communicate, change. The redevelopment of Parent to Parents website is aimed towards the active information seekers of their publics; the new website design allows for easier navigation of the site, and easier access to relevant information, such as events, regional information, and organisational information. It would be the active users of this website, who are also TradeMe members, who would be the early adopters of the donation feature of TradeMe Team Up. Conclusion: Theory establishes a framework through which common phenomena can be described and analysed. This essay has described the public relations campaign designed by Intentio PR, and has worked to relate the various components that it comprises to relevant public relations theory. I believe the campaign we produced could have been improved if we had used or referred back to the theory discussed previously, and if we had designated SMART goals to each of the campaigns.

Martin Luther King Jr. Essay -- Civil Rights Act of 1964

Within our daily lives we encounter multiple people who make an impact on us. They influence us to be better at what we do and show us that having an opinion helps us stand out from others. Throughout life we encounter these individuals and learn about past people who have had a great effect on people showing us what a true hero is. The late Martin Luther King Jr. is a hero in the eyes of people due to the fact that he spoke his mind as a social activist, risked his life to end segregation, and stood up for what he believed was right during the civil rights movement. Overall he was a hero for the common race. Martin Luther King Jr. grew up in Atlanta, Georgia and developed into a well-mannered and highly educated individual with the multiple accomplishments he fulfilled. He earned his doctorates degree at the young age of twenty-five and became pastor of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama. He soon became a member of the committee of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. He began to prepare himself to execute his leadership of the first great Negro nonviolent demonstration in the United States, the bus boycott. Martin Luther King Jr. gathered many people to show that all races are equal and that all people deserve to be treated as so. His leadership and organization of his first major activism shows man who he was a dedicated individual in giving every human an equal opportunity to change the life that surrounded them. â€Å"Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter" (Martin Luther King Jr.). The Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional of segregation on buses and abolished the law. The fact that he had the ability to show people they can make a... ...im a hero due to the fact that he put aside his own life to better the many lives around himself. The Hero Hall of Fame would become that more complete with Dr. King included in it because years after his death he is the most widely known African American leader of his era. "In the end, we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the silence of our friends" (Martin Luther King Jr.). Works Cited "Biography." Martin Luther King -. Nobel Lectures. Web. 07 Mar. 2012. . Lombardi, Esther. "Martin Luther King, Jr.,Quotes." About.com Classic Literature. About.com.Web.07Mar.2012. . "Martin Luther King Jr.." 2012. Biography.com 07 Mar 2012, 11:37 http://www.biography.com/people/martin-luther-king-jr-9365086

Indias Potential As An Investment Goldmine Economics Essay

India is poised in the universe scenario as a strong emerging market in all Fieldss. It being a strong emerging market besides contributes to the fact that it is a moneymaking market for investings. For the past few old ages India has been accomplishing a steady growing which is due to the huge potency it has for development in every sector. Investings in India have been on a steady rise. The aim of this paper is to foreground the factors that can assist do India the Global Investment Hub in the close hereafter. Every sector in the state has a figure of chances for investings that offer profitable returns. Therefore India is on its manner to go the preferable market for planetary investors to put in the hereafter.India: The Future Investing HubIntroductionFor the last decennary India has created its grade in the universe fiscal markets as a stable and emerging market for puting. Right from positive marks such as the upward tendency of the stock exchanges, addition in foreign direct investings, lifting GDP, increasing gold monetary values to lifting real property values. India is traveling up on the list of topographic points most desired by investors. There are many favourable factors lending to this scenario. The ordinances regulating investings by aliens have been relaxed and the procedure for doing investings have been simplified. With a big country and the range for many new and on-going undertakings India is poised at place to offer huge chances to investors while offering moneymaking returns on their investings. Sectors such as cars, banking, instruction, IT, substructure, oil and gas, power, existent estate, and telecom are active in the state with many on-going undertakings and with a range for farther investings. Over the past 5 old ages, India has been systematically accomplishing and mean growing rate of 8 per centum and has made its topographic point in the fastest turning economic systems in the universe. Figure: India ‘s GDP Growth Rate The economic lag that had its clasp on the whole universe had lesser impact on India owing majorly to its strong fiscal basicss and authorities intercession. The strong growing has been propelled by certain factors such as dining domestic market, foreign exchange militias which have been steadily turning, increasing exports, and FDI. These factors have led investors to believe and set their trust into India for puting intents. The GDP estimation for the current twelvemonth stoping March 2010, had declined to 7.5 per centum after the impact of the lag, but India on its manner to recovery still has the possible to accomplish its targeted 8 per centum growing. India has the 3rd largest stock of foreign militias among the emerging economic systems, foregrounding the fact that the economic system is on a steady way of growing. Figure: Foreign Exchange Reserves Figure: FDI Inflows in India India is likely to see the largest growing in its portion of foreign investing and go the universe leader for investing in fabrication in the following 5 old ages ( Beginning: KPMG Worldwide Survey, 2008 ) In the capital markets India has been a preferable emerging market for foreign capital influxs. Foreign Institutional Investors made a record investing in the Indian equity markets of the melody of USD 17.2 billion[ 1 ]in 2007. The Indian stock market has emerged as an of import index all around the universe and has many investors keen due to the high returns it offers. Over the last 5 old ages the Sensex has offered returns of over 19 per centum. Figure: Returns – Sensex V. Global IndexsProfitable Sectors for Investing in IndiaThe image of India has changed from merely being a pool of cheap labour to a beginning of high quality human potency. Along with this image what has besides changed are the houses and investors willing to put in India. This rush in undertakings and investings into assorted sectors of the Indian economic system has led to their rapid growing. Despite of this fact these sectors still hold a immense potency of development and offering returns. Therefore there are still a batch of chances of investing into these sectors on a big every bit good as little graduated table. These sectors have the possible to portrait India as a major investing hub. Let us now look at some of these sectors, their investing attraction and the concern potency they possess.Car and Auto Parts SectorIndia is one of the largest markets in the universe for two Wheelers and commercial vehicles, therefore being such a big universe market India already has a big figure of foreign participants runing in the state. Slowly more and more participants are happening it moneymaking to put up their ain fabrication workss in India or to come in the Indian markets through a Joint Venture ( JV ) to acquire a portion of the pie. For illustration, Renault the celebrated Gallic car shaper has entered into JV with Mahindra to acquire its autos into India, Fiat has entered into a JV with TATA to acquire its ain autos into the state. Fiat and Mercedes are besides sing the option of puting up a fabrication works in India to give a encouragement to its operations. The growing of the car sector will besides give a push to the car parts market in India which presently has 500 organized participants and over 5000 unorganised participants who operate and depend on the car industry. With the car sector on a rise over the past few old ages and India traversing the grade of 10 million vehicles in 2006-07, the hereafter of puting in this sector is profitable. In the on-going auto-expo in New Delhi, Audi, the German Car maker was quoted as stating ‘India does non hold big volumes, but it is the market for the hereafter and is bound to emerge as a major growing Centre in the Asia Pacific part in the following decennary. ‘[ 2 ] There are many factors which are lending to the growing of this sector: Easy funding in the signifier of loans and growing in buying power is driving the rider auto market. Change in the mentality of consumers i.e. consumers believe that autos should be replaced in a few old ages has led to the decrease in replacing rhythm therefore driving the gross revenues of rider autos. Global sourcing of constituents from India is expected to travel up to USD 20 billion by 2016.[ 3 ] The automotive industry is expected to increase to a size of USD 120-159 billion by 2016. It is expected to offer a Compound Annual Growth Rate ( CAGR ) of 13 per centum, which will pull a batch of investings.Information Technology SectorThe information engineering sector has evolved unusually over the past decennary. Its portion of part in the Indian GDP has risen to 5.5 per centum in 2008-09. The package and services sector has generated big employment chances. It has risen direct employment from degrees of 0.19 million in FY 98 to 2 million in FY 08. The Indirect occupation creative activity by this sector is estimated to be around 8 million. India ‘s exports account for over 64 per centum of the overall IT gross, it is expected to increase farther to degrees of 40.8 billion in FY 09.[ 4 ] The IT sector is estimated to value about USD 75 billion in 2010. It offers a CAGR to the melody of 23.2 per centum, therefore supplying benefits for investing. Many foreign participants in this section have already made their move in the Indian market to harvest the benefits of the rampant development. Global participants such as Microsoft, IBM, Cap Gemini, Accenture, Oracle and SAP have set up their offices in India and have put in heavy investings. Along with planetary participants many Indian big leagues such as Infosys, TCS are successfully taking the market. Investing is being to a great extent carried out in invention and research and development. Many companies are puting up dedicated research installations to fuel newer research and develop better and efficient merchandises. India ‘s extended pool of attorneies experienced in paralegal services and patents besides add to the advantage of development in this sector. India is besides the favorite market for outsourcing in this sector. The current market in this field is estimated to be USD 26 – 28 Billion worldwide. India is expected to hold a portion of about USD 13 – 15 Billion by 2013.InfrastructureSignificant investings are being made in the substructure sector. Many building companies are dining in India. Development undertakings such as airdrome buildings, development for Commonwealth Games 2010, building of overpasss, metro rail undertaking, monorail, industries, and other development undertakings have made India a major investing hub in substructure. The Planning Commission in its 11th five twelvemonth program from 2007 – 2012, has proposed an outgo of USD 507 billion on infrastructural activities in India. The private sector is expected to lend 25 per centum of this outgo. The outgo in the 11th five twelvemonth program on substructure has risen 125 per centum as compared to the 10th five twelvemonth program. Foreign participants such as Widmann AG, Mitsubishi Corporation, Siemens, Alstom etc. hold already made their grade in India. With such high marks of investing India is an attractive finish for puting in substructure in the close hereafter with huge growing and return possible. The authorities of India is stressing on Public Private Partnerships ( PPP ) in order to portion the brunt of the monolithic outgo, but this in a manner has opened up big possible investing chances for companies to put in India. Large substructure investings are being carried out in the undermentioned Fieldss: Electricity coevals: 70,000 MW of coevals capacity is to be added, a batch of investing is being put into non conventional beginnings of energy. Roadss: new national main roads, rural roads are being constructed. New stamps are being raised for the same and undertakings on Build Operate Transfer ( BOT ) footing are being introduced. Airports: building of 35 non tube airdromes, and universe category airdromes in metro metropoliss.Oil and Gas Sector100 per centum FDI topic to sectorial policy ordinance except in refineries owned by national oil companies.Constitutes 15 per centum of India ‘s GDP.[ 5 ] Caters to 45 per centum of India ‘s energy demand. India is one of the largest petroleum importers and consumers in the universe. This sector is wholly unfastened for planetary participants to come in, therefore showing a huge potency for investing. Foreign participants who are already present in the Indian market include British Petroleum, Shell, BG Group, Chevron and Total. Many new undertakings are in the grapevine and are waiting for the sufficient investing to come in. For illustration, the HPCL started refinery in Punjab could non continue work because of deficiency of enterprises, as non much investing was being put in. The undertaking picked up gait one time LN Mittal led Mittal Energy Pvt. Ltd. decided to put in the refinery. Undertakings such as bing refinery enlargements new refinery buildings puting up of new retail mercantile establishments for crude oil sale laying of cross state grapevines for gas and crude oil transit keep big potency for investing.PowerInvestings ( Xth program ) USD 72 billion Investings ( XIth program ) EstimateUSD 150 billionTransmission Network Capacity ( XIth program ) Estimate37,150 MWRegulatory100 per centum FDI allowed in all sections including tradingOutstanding participantsNTPC, Powergrid, ABB, Alstom, Siemens, GMR, Adani GroupForeign participantsBP, BG Group, Shell, Chevron, TotalThe power sector offers a batch of chances for investing. Major alterations are being adopted for power coevals, as investing is being made into hydro power coevals, natural gas based workss, and old existing workss are being redeveloped to accommodate the modern times. The authorities aims at illuming up the whole state, i.e. supplying electricity to all by 2015 therefore the transmittal web is being extended to supply for rural electrification.[ 6 ] Besides denationalization of electricity distribution in many parts of the state has led to heavy investings by private sector houses. Rural electrification provides a big range for investing as less than 50 per centum of rural families receive electricity.Retail SectorIndia is the 2nd most attractive retail finish worldwide.[ 7 ] Current FDI policies allow 100 per centum foreign investing merely in sweeping cash-n-carry and 51 per centum in single-brand retailingRetail industry was estimated at USD 330 billion in FY07. The unorganised market in retail is far greater in India, but the portion of the organized market is lifting and is expected to lift to 9.6 per centum by FY12. India is the fifth largest retail finish worldwide. The retail industry is expected to lift to an estimated degree of USD 618 billion in FY12. It provides for an attractive CAGR of 13 per centum. Foreign participants such as Levis Strauss, Wal-mart, Nike, Marks and Spencers etc. have set up their shops in India and see it as a primary market for their operations. Further chances Opportunity: Retail franchises have being turning at over 60 per centum over the past 3 old ages, and are expected to turn further. Growth in hypermarkets and supermarkets in India is estimated at 50 per centum CAGR and 30 per centum for convenience shops in the period of 2006-11E. The retail roar is get downing to make the smaller towns. As the growing of the retail sector seeps down to the smaller towns the part of this sector will lift and lend to the overall development of the part.Real EstateThe existent estate in India has been on a steady rise with belongings and land rates increasing of all time steadily. India offers many puting options to foreigner and local investors. The real property sector contributes about 5 – 6 per centum to the GDP. The factors lending to the rush in the real property sector can be classified as: Turning population Rising income degrees Urbanization Rapid growing in the IT sector The sector is expected to increase from USD 57 billion in 2007 to USD 105 billion in FY 12. The investings in this sector offer a CAGR of 12.8 per centum. The planetary participants runing in the Indian market are Emmar, Rakeen, Dishman Spires etc. Opportunity in the sector: Residential: lifting population and urbanisation will take to a demand for newer lodging. Commercial: the demand for commercial infinite is lifting led by newer companies in the IT and Banking sector. Retail: newer shopping promenades and retail mercantile establishments will besides drive the real property monetary values. SEZs: Particular Economic Zones are coming up and pulling farther investings.Travel and TourismThe travel and touristry industry of any state has an of import function to play, providing to the tourers who come to see the state. India has been ranked among the top five tourer finishs out of 167 states. Tourism contributes 2.3 per centum to India ‘s GDP i.e. 28.1 billion.[ 8 ] India is expected to hold about 10 million tourers in 2010. Investings of about USD 11.41 billion are expected in the cordial reception sector in the following 2 old ages. 40 major hotel trade names have their presence in India. The industry is expected to turn up to USD 60.5 billion by 2018, offering a CAGR of 8 per centum. Major hotel trade names present in India are Shangri-La, Emaar MGF, Starwood Hotels, Hilton, Park Hotels, Accor. Opportunity for Investing: The budget allocated for touristry has been increased. The authorities provides for five twelvemonth revenue enhancement vacation for two, three and four star hotels in the National Capital Region ( NCR ) . Commonwealth games in NCR provide a great chance for investings in the cordial reception sector. Increased domestic travel has created a high demand for mid section budget hotels. Medical attention bundles that combine stay with yoga and spas attract tourers and have become a extremely profitable investing.Banking and Financial ServicesThe banking sector has grown multi creases in India pulling many world-wide Bankss to setup their subdivisions in India. Many Indian Bankss have besides ridden on the success narrative of the banking sector. The recent economic lag which led to the prostration of many Bankss worldwide did non impact the banking scene of India to a great extent because of the strong basicss. The recognition extended by Indian Bankss grew 25.3 per centum at the terminal of FY 08.[ 9 ] Common Fund industry at the terminal of 2008 valued USD 130 billion. India stands as one of the fastest life insurance markets in the universe with a growing of 36 per centum in 2008. Opportunities in the Sector Entire banking assets to increase to USD 1 Trillion. SME Finance, Agri and Rural Finance, Institutional Finance and Project Finance offer a great chance for puting. Life insurance market is expected to turn with a CAGR of 35 per centum over the following 3 old ages to USD 80 – 100 billion.[ 10 ] Health, motor, and unit linked insurance besides offer a great potency. Private Equity, Venture Capital, Structured Finance, Real Estate Finance, Leveraged Finance are other emerging option for puting.EducationEducation in India holds a great potency to develop as an investing chance. The move towards denationalization of instruction has led to heavy investings in this field. Government outgo on instruction has grown at a CAGR of 11.6 per centum to UDS 29.5 billion in FY07. Merely 2 per centum of schools in India are IT enabled, therefore supplying an investing chance to follow information communicating engineering in schools. Opportunity in the SectorRegulatory Framework for Foreign Direct Investment[ 11 ]Figure: Regulatory Framework for Foreign Direct Investment The automatic path requires no anterior blessing from any regulative organic structure prior to registering but merely after, it needs interaction with the RBI though an authorised trader or banker. FDI in sectors necessitating anterior blessing by the Government is categorized under Approval path. The blessing is granted by the Government of India, Ministry of Finance, and Foreign Investment Promotion Board ( FIPB ) .Portfolio Investment for FIIsFIIs and NRIs registered with SEBI can put through portfolio strategies. FIIs can buy/sell securities on stock exchanges in those sectors which are non restricted. They can put up to 30 per centum of its portfolio in debt instruments. If a FII declares itself to be a 100 per centum debt FII it can do its full investing in debt or other eligible instruments.Tax Incentives that Drive Investment in IndiaSEZsA unit puting up operations in SEZ can bask income revenue enhancement vacation for a period of 15 old ages from the poin in clip it begins to fabricate its merchandise or starts operations.Export Oriented Units ( EOUs )Enterprises in Export Processing Zones ( EPZ ) or Free Trade Zones ( FTZ ) or Software Technology Park ( STP ) are eligible to 100 per centum tax write-off on the net incomes from exports for 10 back-to-back old ages.Commercial Production or Refining of Mineral Oil100 percent revenue enhancement vacation for projects engaged in commercial production of mineral oil for the first 7 old ages.In House Research and DevelopmentA tax write-off of one and a half clip of the outgo incurred on the scientific research.Tax Holidays for Infrastructure ProjectsUndertakings engaged in substructure undertakings ar e entitled to a 10 twelvemonth revenue enhancement vacation.Tax Holidays for Power UndertakingsFirms engaged with power undertakings are entitled to a revenue enhancement vacation of 10 old ages. These revenue enhancement inducements pull heavy investings in these sectors as they prove to be good. These revenue enhancement inducements provide higher returns for the houses engaged in the undertakings. They prove to be good for the authorities every bit good, as they help in the puting up of industries in backward countries and aid in their development.DecisionIndia has a huge potency to pull investings from assorted beginnings in different sectors. The conditions present in India such as revenue enhancement inducements, authorities enterprises have a positive impact on investings. The stableness that India has shown in the clip of economic lag has raised the trust of the investors in the Indian economic system. With many undertakings in the grapevine India has to offer a big range for investings. Foreign influxs have over the old ages brought in big sums of hard currency militias in the state and the favourable conditions are expected to raise the degrees even more. Therefore India over the following few old ages has the possible to pull major investings and go a planetary investing hub. Its trusty image and invariably lifting GDP besides contribute to the procedure of India going a moneymaking market for investing.

Euthanasia & Mercy Killing and the World Today

Euthanasia can be described as one of society's more widely and hotly debated moral issues of our time. Active euthanasia, by definition, is â€Å"Doing something, such as administering a lethal drug, or using other means that cause a person's death. † Passive euthanasia, which seems to not be debated as heavily, is defined as â€Å"Stopping (or not starting) some treatment, which allows a person to die, the person's condition causes his or her death. † I have chosen to look more closely at the issue of active euthanasia, while applying Kant†s standards to the issue. Those who support the practice of active euthanasia might argue that helping the terminally ill to bring about their own deaths, allowing them to determine the how and when, is not only humane, but also allows the person who is simply living to die to maintain dignity by orchestrating their own end, thus letting them die at peace, rather than suffer to the end, perceiving themselves to be a burden and/or disgrace, to those they love. According to recent polls, many people would agree, but the question is, have they taken a close look at the ethical debate? Those who are against active euthanasia would say not, and would argue that by participating in the practice of active euthanasia, one is â€Å"playing God,† or perhaps, even worse, that they are not acting out of mercy, but rather out of selfishness, attempting to lessen their own burden. If this were the case, the act is nothing less than cold-blooded murder. Murder is defined as; â€Å"The unlawful, premeditated killing of one human being by another. † Euthanasia remains unlawful as of today, and the act of euthanasia is premeditated, thus whether for the purpose of mercy or not, euthanasia is by definition, murder. According to Kantian perspective and the Holy Bible, murder is both a sin and a crime, therefore we should not participate in the practice of euthanasia, because it is murder, and it is the wrong thing to do. The euthanasia debate raises many questions. Questions such as; For whose benefit is the murder actually taking place? Should we allow family members to make a life-or-death decision on behalf of a loved one who may never have expressed a desire to die, simply because they could not vocalize a will to live? If a person should be suffering with an illness of which there seems no hope of recovery, yet they are unable to make a choice for themselves how do we know what that person would voluntarily choose? Is it our right to decide whether or not they have a desire to live? If we ourselves are not in the position of the individual whose life and/or death is being decided, we cant possibly know or understand what their will is, what they would opt for personally, or even whether or not they can comprehend what is happening. Thus, the decisions we are making find us â€Å"playing God,† and assuming that our decisions are always in the best interests of another. Without knowing for sure what the individual would have chosen, we may well have gone against their will, and thus have committed murder. Some would argue that the practice of euthanasia is used as a last resort, when the individual can no longer manage the pain of their illness. However, that argument can be rebutted by an observation made by a proponent of a movement similar to Right to Die. Dr Pieter Admiraal, a leader of a movement to legalize assisted suicide in the Netherlands, stated publicly that pain is never justification for euthanasia considering the advanced medical techniques currently available to manage pain in almost every circumstance. Thus the pain does not justify death, but rather it justifies the need for more money to educate health care professionals on better pain management techniques. Shouldn†t we look into a suicidal persons emotional and psychological background before we conclude that his or her suicide is acceptable because they are going to die anyway? We ought to take into consideration, the statistics which tell us that fewer than one in four people with terminal illness have a desire to die, and that all of those who did wish to die had previously suffered with clinically diagnosable depression. 6 If we choose to overlook these statistics, and others that tell us that psychotherapeutic treatments are not only available, but equally successful among people with terminal illness, as among people without7 then we are indeed cutting that person's life short, and thus one again, committing murder. If a physically healthy person who suffered with depression were to approach us with thoughts of suicide, we would comfort them, seek treatment for them, and provide as much as we were able, to see that they got the reassurance and the psychological or emotional help that they needed. Certainly we would not tell them that the choice was theirs and hand them a gun. Why then do we not do the same for those suffering with a physical illness? Further statistics tell us that the chances for living a happy life are often greater for a person who has attempted suicide, but are stopped, and provided with the help they need, than for individuals suffering with similar problems, who have never attempted suicide. It would serve us well to take notice of these statistics. We ought to be making every effort to find alternatives to euthanasia, and help people with their problems, instead of helping them to end what very well could be a happy life. One must also ask why some doctors would fight so vigorously to legalize the practice of killing the terminally ill, while others maintain that there are many alternatives available that may offer a satisfactory and comfortable quality of life for those suffering from severe illness. Is it possible that some doctors are â€Å"selling death† for reasons other than compassion? If the possibility exists for this to be the case, than we ought to expect some doctors to abuse the system, as well as the rights and best interests of the patient, in order to better themselves financially, or otherwise. I personally believe that it would be extremely difficult, perhaps impossible, to legislate a point of illness or disability where euthanasia would be considered legally or ethically acceptable. To do so would be saying that all disabled or terminally ill patients have no chance for a happy and fulfilling life. I believe that we are taking quite a risk when we bring about another person's death willfully, thus assuming that we have the ability to look into the future and deem their life unlivable.

Free Essays on Social Security Administration (SSA) Case Study

The first major problem the Social Security Administration (SSA) had was with software. SSA software resulted from decades of programming techniques. The software was a product of unplanned patchwork, with no regard give to its deterioration over time. The SSA’s files and programs were maintained on over 500,000 reels of magnetic tape. This caused problems because the magnetic tape was not very durable, and began to crack and deteriorate. There were 76 different software systems making up SSA’s basic computer operations. There were more than 1,300 computer programs, encompassing over 12 million lines of COBOL and other code. Most of the code was undocumented. Although they worked, not many people knew how or why they worked. The maintenance of the system was were complex and costly. The second major problem was the hardware. By 1982, most of the computers the SSA used had not been manufactured for over 10 years. Today, if your computer is 3-4 years old, many people would consider replacing it. New equipment would have cost approximately one million dollars annually for maintenance, but the SSA was spending more than four million dollars to keep their antiquated machines in working order. This ancient hardware forced the SSA to rely one third-party maintenance services. Hardware failure would force more than 25 percent of jobs to be abandoned before completion. The third major problem for the SSA was their telecommunications. Its 1,300 field offices need timely access to data stored at the central computer facility in Baltimore. In 1982, the telecommunications system they used was from 1966. Their primary system, Social Administration Data Acquisition and Response System (SSADARS) was designed to handle 100,000 transactions per day. One year after it was built, the system was overwhelmed. Each year teleprocessing grew by 100 percent. By 1982, the (SSADARS) network was no longer of any use due to its consta... Free Essays on Social Security Administration (SSA) Case Study Free Essays on Social Security Administration (SSA) Case Study The first major problem the Social Security Administration (SSA) had was with software. SSA software resulted from decades of programming techniques. The software was a product of unplanned patchwork, with no regard give to its deterioration over time. The SSA’s files and programs were maintained on over 500,000 reels of magnetic tape. This caused problems because the magnetic tape was not very durable, and began to crack and deteriorate. There were 76 different software systems making up SSA’s basic computer operations. There were more than 1,300 computer programs, encompassing over 12 million lines of COBOL and other code. Most of the code was undocumented. Although they worked, not many people knew how or why they worked. The maintenance of the system was were complex and costly. The second major problem was the hardware. By 1982, most of the computers the SSA used had not been manufactured for over 10 years. Today, if your computer is 3-4 years old, many people would consider replacing it. New equipment would have cost approximately one million dollars annually for maintenance, but the SSA was spending more than four million dollars to keep their antiquated machines in working order. This ancient hardware forced the SSA to rely one third-party maintenance services. Hardware failure would force more than 25 percent of jobs to be abandoned before completion. The third major problem for the SSA was their telecommunications. Its 1,300 field offices need timely access to data stored at the central computer facility in Baltimore. In 1982, the telecommunications system they used was from 1966. Their primary system, Social Administration Data Acquisition and Response System (SSADARS) was designed to handle 100,000 transactions per day. One year after it was built, the system was overwhelmed. Each year teleprocessing grew by 100 percent. By 1982, the (SSADARS) network was no longer of any use due to its consta...

Formation of the solar system essays

Formation of the solar system essays The solar system was thought to have formed with the collapse of a giant gas cloud. The giant gas cloud was thought to have been spherical in shape because like everything else in the universe, it was spinning. This was probably due to the fact that the gas it was made up with came from the stars which were spinning too. The collapse was thought to have been started by the inconsistent rise and fall of the density of the cloud, there came a point of time where there was enough material (like water, hydrogen, helium and interstellar dust) to cause the cloud to collapse. The cloud rotates faster and faster in order to conserve its angular momentum and according to the laws of physics, the faster an object spins, the smaller it becomes. As a result, the cloud begins to contract too. The cloud spins faster and faster and it spins so fast that a strong outward centrifugal force is caused and it is unable to contract any smaller. A dense disc of gas spinning around the central lump is also formed as it is simpler for matter to follow the gravitational pull along the axis of rotation (of the lump) rather than perpendicular to it as that is where the contrasting centrifugal force is supreme. As the gas cloud contracts and rotates faster, the temperature of the dust and gas particles increases until the cloud is hot and dense enough for nuclear reactions to begin and thereby giving birth to a star. When nuclear fusion takes place, the hydrogen atoms combine to produce helium, and this process gives out immense amount of energy. The spin of the sun is also reduced as the solar radiation from the newborn star will blow away all light gassy elements which is within approximately 6.667 AU (10^12m) of it, forming the solar nebula. As the molecules of elements such as carbon and silicon knock against each other, they stick and gradually form tiny lumps. This process is extremely slow owing to the fact that the atoms and molecules hardly ever b ...

Why the Causes of Terrorism Are so Hard to Identify

Why the Causes of Terrorism Are so Hard to Identify The causes of terrorism seem almost impossible for anyone to define. Heres why: they change over time. Listen to terrorists in different periods and youll hear different explanations. Then, listen to scholars who explain terrorism. Their ideas change over time too, as new trends in academic thinking take hold. Many writers begin statements about the causes of terrorism as if terrorism were a scientific phenomenon whose characteristics are fixed for all time, like the causes of a disease, or the causes of rock formations. Terrorism isnt a natural phenomenon though. It is the name given by people about other peoples actions in the social world. Both terrorists and terrorisms explainers are influenced by dominant trends in political and scholarly thought. Terrorists- people who threaten or use violence against civilians with the hope of changing the status quo- perceive the status quo in ways that accord with the era they live in. People who explain terrorism are also influenced by prominent trends in their professions. These trends change over time. Viewing Trends in Terrorism Will Help Solve It Viewing terrorism as the extreme edge of mainstream trends helps us understand, and thus seek solutions, to it. When we view terrorists as evil or beyond explanation, we are inaccurate and unhelpful. We cannot solve an evil. We can only live fearfully in its shadow. Even if it is uncomfortable to think of people who do terrible things to innocent people as part of our same world, I believe it is important to try. You will see in the list below that people who have chosen terrorism in the last century have been influenced by the same broad trends that we all have. The difference is, they chose violence as a response. 1920s - 1930s: Socialism In the early 20th century, terrorists justified violence in the name of anarchism, socialism, and communism. Socialism was becoming a dominant way for many people to explain the political and economic injustice they saw developing in capitalist societies, and for defining a solution. Millions of people expressed their commitment to a socialist future without violence, but a small number of people in the world thought violence was necessary. 1950s - 1980s: Nationalism In the 1950s through 1980s, terrorist violence tended to have a nationalist component. Terrorist violence in these years reflected the post-World War II trend in which previously suppressed populations committed violence against states that had not given them a voice in the political process. Algerian terrorism against French rule; Basque violence against the Spanish state; Kurdish actions against Turkey; the Black Panthers and Puerto Rican militants in the United States all sought a version of independence from oppressive rule. Scholars in this period began seeking to understand terrorism in psychological terms. They wanted to understand what motivated individual terrorists. This related to the rise of psychology and psychiatry in other related realms, such as criminal justice. The 1980s - Today: Religious Justifications In the 1980s and 1990s, terrorism began to appear in the repertoire of right-wing, neo-Nazi or neo-fascist, racist groups. Like the terrorist actors that preceded them, these violent groups reflected the extreme edge of a broader and not-necessarily-violent backlash against developments during the civil rights era. White, Western European or American men, in particular, grew fearful of a world beginning to grant recognition, political rights, economic franchise and freedom of movement (in the form of immigration) to ethnic minorities and women, who might seem to be taking their jobs and position. In Europe and the United States, as well as elsewhere, the 1980s represented a time when the welfare state had expanded in the United States and Europe, the agitation of the civil rights movement had produced results, and globalization, in the form of multi-national corporations, had gotten underway, producing economic dislocation among many who depended on manufacturing for a living. Timothy McVeighs bombing of the Oklahoma City Federal Building, the most lethal terrorist attack in the U.S. until the 9/11 attacks, exemplified this trend. In the Middle East, a similar swing toward conservatism was taking hold in the 1980s and 1990s, although it had a different face than it did in Western democracies. The secular, socialist framework that had been dominant the world over- -from Cuba to Chicago to Cairo-- faded after the 1967 Arab-Israeli war and the death in 1970 of Egyptian President Gamal Abd-Al Nasser. The failure in the 1967 war was a big blow- it disillusioned Arabs about the entire era of Arab socialism. Economic dislocations because of the Gulf War in the 1990s caused many Palestinian, Egyptian and other men working in the Persian Gulf to lose their jobs. When they returned home, they found women had assumed their roles in households and jobs. Religious conservatism, including the idea that women should be modest and not work, took hold in this atmosphere. In this way, both West and East saw a rise in fundamentalism in the 1990s. Terrorism scholars began to notice this rise in religious language and sensibility in terrorism as well. The Japanese Aum Shinrikyo, Islamic Jihad in Egypt, and groups such as the Army of God in the United States were willing to use religion to justify violence. Religion is the primary way that terrorism is explained today. Future: Environment New terrorism forms and new explanations are underway, however. Special interest terrorism is used to describe people and groups who commit violence on behalf of a very specific cause. These are often environmental in nature. Some predict the rise of green terrorism in Europeviolent sabotage on behalf of environmental policy.  Animal rights  activists have also revealed a fringe violent edge. Just as in earlier eras, these forms of violence mimic the dominant concerns of our time across the political spectrum.

Wheat Field with Cypresses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Wheat Field with Cypresses - Essay Example A lot of the correspondences were descriptive of life in London and Netherlands. Theo was not the only person he corresponded with; there were other people such as Johanna van Gogh-Bonger (Theo’s wife), Wil (his sister), Emile Bernard and others. Vincent van Gogh would include a lot of sketches in his letters to anyone. He always made sure he added a sketch to complement the letters. Apparently, his correspondences would never be complete without a sketch illustrating the subject of his letters. That was out of pure love for both literature and art. He strongly believed in art and literature as powerful tools for communication. He perceived the society and everything around him using artistic lenses, which is why he drew and painted pictures a lot. At the time he wrote the letters, he was a young man who had started to believe that his destiny lay in art. Any art and literature lover would not want to stop reading van Gogh’s letters. Wheat Field with Cypresses is van Gogh’s painting work, in which he used an oil paint to draw complete picture of a typical wheat field with cypress trees, clouds, the horizon and a lot of other environmental components. This and his other painting works are an upgrade from the letters and sketches he was concentrating in earlier on. Wheat Field with Cypresses is able to communicate without any words used to describe it. His use of different colors to illustrate the different elements within the picture eliminates the need for a literary description. One may question the relationship that exists between van Gogh’s several letters and the Wheat Field with Cypresses. The relationship may not be as direct as one would expect, but there is a big connection. Both are depictions of a shrewd artist who used art to communicate and to paint a picture of the society. The letters were numerous and various. The themes of the letters were different. That was art. The good relationship between Vincent

International Legal and Ethical Issues in Business Essay - 2

International Legal and Ethical Issues in Business - Essay Example But whether contracts are entered orally or in the written form, they should include the following essential elements for them to be deemed valid: parties capable of contracting, consent of the parties, lawful objects, and consideration (Bhana, Bonthuys, & Nortje, 2009). First and foremost, parties capable of contracting are those of legal age and are not convicted of any crime and thought to have mental or behavioral disorders. Hence anyone, save from the aforementioned exceptions, can enter into contract. In most instances, parties who involve themselves in these legal agreements should provide accurate and sufficient identities: full names, addresses and even titles. In sales contracts, moreover, the terms ‘seller’ and ‘buyer’ are oftentimes designated to the contracting parties (Steingold, 2009). Consent of the parties, which are free, mutual and well-communicated, qualifies for a valid contract. Consent obtained through intimidation, violence, fraud, un due influence and mistake does not make any contract valid. Similarly, consent is not considered mutual unless both parties agree on the same thing in the same sense. Basically, the articulation of an offer and an acceptance from contracting parties are required to make a contract valid (Helewitz, 2010). Furthermore, the thing being referred to in a contract is also called as the object. Objects must be lawful, possible and definite (Helewitz, 2010). Any law of court would not enforce any contract to perform an illegal act. Therefore, disputes in drug deals are not accommodated in legal agencies due to the fact that the contracts concerned are null and void. Of particular importance also in the determination of validity in contracts is consideration: meaning, each party must gain something out of the said agreement (Walston-Dunham, 2008). For example, if someone agreed to repair someone else’s house, and the latter never promised to give anything in return, then the one asked to do the service could not be sued for not showing up because he did not obtain consideration, in this matter. Objective Theory of Contract There are two approaches in deciding whether or not a party has entered into a valid contract. For the most part of legal history, the Subjective Theory of Contract happened to be the universal doctrine. However, during the late nineteenth century, the Objective Theory of Contract had been adopted by majority of lawyers and judges when deciding the merits of a contract dispute case, downplaying the former theory. Essentially, the recent theory upholds that the intention of the parties to a contract or an alleged contract, for that matter, is to be determined from their words and conduct, rather than their unexpressed or supposed intentions. Hence, it eradicates the subjective notion of intention (‘meeting of minds’ concept) which was deemed by most legal experts as vague and prejudicial (â€Å"Objective Theory of Contract,† 2011). But even though the Objective Theory of Contracts applies virtually in all jurisdictions, some aspects of subjectivity are nevertheless existent still. For instance, several strong cases for the nullification contracts are raised via the grounds of mistake or duress, which are practically based upon the subjective beliefs or intentions of one party of another (Farnsworth, 1999). In the ‘Harrier Jet’

American Revolution and Early British Colonies Essay

American Revolution and Early British Colonies - Essay Example Thomas Paine, Thomas Jefferson as well as Alex Hamilton who were great advocates of the republicanism and advocated the formation of a united country based on different British Colonies. Patriots were the people who actually declared independence of thirteen British Colonies to form what is now called United States of America.The writings of Samuel Adams specially his circular letter resulted into the famous Boston Massacre. His writings are considered as one of the key efforts towards the development of an environment which led to the revolution.Thomas Paine’s Common Sense is also considered as one of the most important contribution towards the events leading to the revolution. In this book, Paine extensively advocated the separation of America from United Kingdom. His series of writings with the name of The American Crisis is also considered as important contribution towards the actual revolution which however, materialized after some period of time.The Massachusetts Bay Col ony was owned by the Massachusetts Bay Company and covered most of the areas which are now part of the New England. In Virginia, the first colony established was the Jamestown near Chesapeake Bay and it was financed by the London Virginia Company. Plymouth Colony was established by the people who escaped the religious wrath of the English Authorities whereas Cape Ann was also established as a fishing village in the region. (Taylor) The similarities between these colonies suggest that they were established for the purpose of achieving economic good.

Self-Efficacy Tools in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus Assignment

Self-Efficacy Tools in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus - Assignment Example In Type 1 diabetes mellitus there is an autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta cells and insulin is not synthesized in adequate amounts. While in case of Type II diabetes mellitus, the liberated insulin fails to act due to dysfunction of insulin receptor and hence GLUT 4 transporters are not upregulated in the cell membrane from the cytoplasm. Under this condition, glucose cannot enter the cells and cannot be used a source of energy, which leads to the breakdown of alternate sources like protein and fats in the cells. Further increased blood glucose creates an increased osmotic gradient and diuresis occur in the renal tubules and patient offer suffers from hypovolemic shock (Albisser et al., 2001) (Spellman, 2009). Although various factors both external and internal contribute to the increased levels of blood glucose in the body, it has been widely accepted that proper self-care and lifestyle modifications to alleviate the complications of both Types I or Type II diabetes mell itus(Albisser et al., 2001) (Spellman, 2009). Psychosocial factors like depression and emotional issues have been correlated with self-care behaviors and have shown to negatively impact the glycemic control. Studies have also reflected the associations between the emotional condition and self-care behaviors that negatively impact HB1Ac levels (Cohen, Shmukler, Ullman, Rivera & Walker, 2010). The associations between the self-care activities and diabetic control are measured by regression equations which predict the value of one variable from the value of another and also the way one variable impacts another variable positively or negatively (Michelis et al., 2010). With these guiding principles, a group of community clinicians noted an increase in the prevalence of hyperglycemia and other complications of diabetes mellitus.  

Origins, Development And History Of Classical Sonata Genre Essay

Origins, Development And History Of Classical Sonata Genre - Essay Example This genre of music has experienced contributions made by some of the best musicians that have ever existed. These musicians are said to be the founding fathers of the music that we experience in the 21st century. The first contributor of sonata is believed to be Arcangelo Corelli who developed two forms of Sonata including the ones that were deemed as suitable to be played within church area and the second form was considered appropriate to be used in courts in which a dance usually followed a particular prologue and these musical displays were made following the similar key (Bbc.co.uk 1). The sonata that was played in churches usually comprised of playing of one or two violins which usually started at a slower tone. After the slow tone, the tone used to be increased a bit and towards the end the pitch of the tone used to be quite lively to match the tunes of dance. In the beginning the pitch of the tones was not quite clearly to differentiate between different tones but with the us e of violin the tones became quite clear. On the other hand the sonata that was considered as appropriate for the church used to be completely based on dance based tunes. Later on a mix of both kinds of sonatas used to be experienced. Major percentage of the sonatas was contributed by Sebastian Bach but his focus was less on this form of music as compared to the others (Geck 585).

The factors restraining investment in the oil and gas industry Dissertation

The factors restraining investment in the oil and gas industry - Dissertation Example Investment is an important source of capital for growth in the developing countries. It provides a package of new technologies, management techniques, finance and market access for the production of goods and services; and thus contributes significantly to raise the productivity in the host countries in attaining their overall economic growth. An investment is been determined by balance, opportunity, and risk, which are relative concepts, especially with respect to Exploration activities. Opportunity involved in finding commercial quantities of oil and gas, the intensive capital required for undertaking exploration and production result in significant business risks. In many developing countries, the transformation from an agricultural and resource based economy to the export-led economy has contributed to higher energy consumption. Although they are oil & gas reserves located in those countries; very few had sufficient financial resources for the upstream investments, especially for the development of oil & gas exploration and production. Government can promote investment opportunity by adopting a proactive approach to selecting foreign partner towards improving entry procedure moreover, reducing red tape in oil and gas sector operation. However, many countries had granted development rights to foreign Companies, which have adequate capital, technology, and expertise; still some foreign Companies are not investing in those countries for many reasons.

Origins, Development And History Of Classical Sonata Genre Essay

Origins, Development And History Of Classical Sonata Genre - Essay Example This genre of music has experienced contributions made by some of the best musicians that have ever existed. These musicians are said to be the founding fathers of the music that we experience in the 21st century. The first contributor of sonata is believed to be Arcangelo Corelli who developed two forms of Sonata including the ones that were deemed as suitable to be played within church area and the second form was considered appropriate to be used in courts in which a dance usually followed a particular prologue and these musical displays were made following the similar key (Bbc.co.uk 1). The sonata that was played in churches usually comprised of playing of one or two violins which usually started at a slower tone. After the slow tone, the tone used to be increased a bit and towards the end the pitch of the tone used to be quite lively to match the tunes of dance. In the beginning the pitch of the tones was not quite clearly to differentiate between different tones but with the us e of violin the tones became quite clear. On the other hand the sonata that was considered as appropriate for the church used to be completely based on dance based tunes. Later on a mix of both kinds of sonatas used to be experienced. Major percentage of the sonatas was contributed by Sebastian Bach but his focus was less on this form of music as compared to the others (Geck 585).

A Man That Holds My Heart Essay Example for Free

A Man That Holds My Heart Essay Many people have ways of influencing others. Most people use words to affect other people. An amount of individuals would utilize their gift of persuasion to convince others of their causes or maybe arguments, while some use authority to force people to do as they are told. These several differences can apply to fathers as well. Not all fathers are similar when it comes to educating their children. Many are gentle, while some are more dominant. Randy T Caldwell, a somewhat young spirited middle aged man. Dark skinned with black Gucci frames to accommodate his big brown eyes. Standing 5’11, board shoulders, happy, loving, man of Christ and always seen with a look upon his face that means business falls under those descriptions of a father. My father is a man of many words. He is a very talkative man, somewhat quiet but only when listening to someone of when needed. He is not a very persuasive person like others, nor does he use authority to get his message across. All the lessons I’ve learned from my father were never taught in lectures or by long stories. Instead, he gave me real life examples for me to follow. I learned everything I needed to know from my father, through his own life. It was the way he lived his poverty stricken and fearful life which taught me how to live a more effective, goal reaching, non-poverty stricken live. Indeed, my father was a man of many words and was a man of many words but yet he had a soft heart. My father has simple interests. He is very fond of watching college football, and often watches when he can. When he has time he would go hiking occasionally. However, his favorite thing to do is go fishing. At such a young age, I was very fascinated with the fact that he would bring home huge, 10 foot long, stinky fish but I always loved it. Aside from being an outdoor, outgoing , talkative man ; my father was a man of Christ. Just like on the man that are always, dressed up , Stay Adams , the best pen striped suit, at the front of the church serving communion on first Sundays . That’s My Father! Even though he had a horrible, poverty stricken, gangster life as a child he is a firm believer in Christ. He has not preached about his faith even though he is very talkative; he has never given lessons on religious and mortality. He just simply lived by example. Whenever faced with difficulty, he simply thinks about what Christ would do in a situation as such. It was one the most remarkable things I find remember able about him. In one instance, I went fishing with my father. I’m not really fond of the outdoors like he was, but I loved spending time with him. It had been raining earlier that morning, so the fishing area was wet. He insisted we go to is regular spot so we did. It was under an old rugged beat down bridge that was covered with green algae. By the time we were done fishing we both were hungry. We proceeded to the nearest fast food place, which happened to be McDonald’s. As I ate my lunch it began to rain very badly; I than begin to look out the window at an old man whose clothes torn with the look of death in his eyes, standing in the middle of the parking lot. As my father made his way to the table where I was dining he caught my gaze. He immediately re packed his Big Mac fully made all the way everything on it , his supersized fry, and even his drink and went right out the door. Just as hungry as he was he gave the old man his meal. On the way home my father said nothing. Again, he taught me a lesson through his own example. My father can be described as many things talkative, outgoing, loving, caring, and firm believer in Christ. But one thing he will always be described as to me would be the man that has taught me to be the best I can be. My father is a good father, he is rather different than other fathers; but that’s what makes him the best.

Effect of Income Inequality on Economic Development

Effect of Income Inequality on Economic Development Income Inequality and Financial Crises: The 2007-2008 financial crises has been considered as amongst the worst the world has faced. This is since the great depression of the year 1930s ((Shiller, 7). This crisis was characterized by the collapse of large financial institutions, a downward fall in stock markets, bailout of banks by government, and the laying off of workers by business organizations. There are a variety of reasons given as to why the 2008 financial crisis emerged. MacEwan and Miller argue that it was an increase of income inequality that led to the emergence of the financial crisis (MacEwan and John, 5). On the other hand, others believe that it is the failure of the banking mortgage system that led to the emergence of the financial crisis (Paulet, 22). This paper examines the reasons as to why McEwan and Miller link economic instability, to income inequality. It further examines their proposal on how to solve this problem. Furthermore, this paper gives an explanation on the reasons for the emergence of the 2008 economic crises. There is a varying argument on the effects of income inequality on the growth of the economies of rich and developed countries. One of the major arguments is that income inequality was the major reason for the emergence of the 2008 global economic crisis. This is an argument that McEwan and Miller believe in (MacEwan and John, 5). Proponents argue that there are three major ways in which income inequality has the capability of destroying the economic system of a state. The first argument is that due to income inequality, there is a sharp increase in the debt ratio to income ratio amongst middle and low income households. This ratio increases because of their bid to maintain their consumption level, while they fall behind in relation to income or revenue that they are able to acquire. For example, a growing demand for loans and mortgages was as a result of a rise in the costs of college and homes. There was also a relaxed standard for lending, and it was easy to acquire mortgages. The failure by these low income earners to pay these mortgages and loans led to the beginning of the financial crisis, and the collapse of major financial institutions such as Citigroup and Lehman Brothers (Paulet, 17). The second argument is that the creation and development of a large pool of idle wealth leads to an increase in the demands of investment assets, fueling financial innovation and increasing the size of the financial sector. This is dangerous for the economy, because it may lead to speculative buying of financial assets. It is this speculative buying of financial assets that contributed to the collapse of financial institutions such as Lehman brothers during the 2008 crisis (Schiek, 39). It is important to denote that the collapse of the Lehman brothers was the beginning of the financial crisis, and it was followed by the collapse of several financial institutions and business organization such as General Motors. To protect the economy, the American government had to bail out companies such as General Motors, Citigroup, Bank of America, etc (Shiller, 22). The third argument is that income inequality leads to the emergence of a disproportionate political power. The major intention of the development of this political power is to protect the financial interests of the elite, or the wealthy members of the society. This would lead to the enactment of policies that have a negative impact on the stability of an economic system within the state (Schiek, 52). For example, setters of accounting standards, and federal government regulators were able to allow banking organizations such as Citigroup to move large number of liabilities and assets from the balance sheet, to a complex legal structure referred to as structured investment vehicles. This strategy helped to mask the financial weaknesses of the banking organization to the share holders and investors. The regulation of financial institutions in America is always influenced by powerful and wealthy companies and people (Schiek, 13). This is because they normally finance the political activi ties of candidates who would advance their agendas. In as much as McEwan and Miller believe that income inequality led to the emergence of the 2008 economic crisis, there are other reasons that led to the this crisis (MacEwan and John,15). One of the reasons given is the growth of the housing market in America. This demand led to speculative buying, leading to an increase in the prices of houses. People took mortgages, which did not have good security. However, in 2008, there was a correction in the housing prices, leading to a downward fall of the housing prices (Schiek, 57). Most Americans were unable to pay their mortgages, and this made banking and financial institutions to suffer massive losses because they were unable to recover their loans. This in turn led to the collapse of these financial institutions, affecting the economies that were heavily dependent on the American economy. Furthermore, it is the federal government that made it easy for people to acquire loans. This is because they initiated low interest rate, by lowering the federal fund rate target to 1.0%, from a figure of 6.5% (Shiller, 41). This made experts to denote that it was the easy availability of credit that led to a demand of houses, hence f uelling their increase. It is therefore prudent to denote that there is a need of restructuring the American economic system and regulatory institutions for purposes of protecting the economy from future crises. In fact, the government of President Obama realized on the need of regulating American financial institutions, and in 2008, and 2009, he initiated a series of measures aimed at meeting this objective (Shiller, 29). For example, President Obama introduced the Volcker rule, which was aimed at limiting the ability of banking organizations to engage in proprietary trading (Shiller, 19). The European Union also realized the need of regulating financial institutions and came up with the Basel III rule, which raised the capital of starting a banking business in Europe, and placing a limit on the banking rates of the European banks. In conclusion, the statement by MacEwan and Miller that income inequality contributes to a slowdown in economic development has some truth in it. For instance, due to income inequality, the poor and the middle class were engaged in borrowing from banks, for purposes of buying properties leading to a sharp increase in property prices. This was a factor that contributed to the emergence of the 2008 crises, and it is always referred to as the subprime crises. In a bid to protect the financial interests of big financial companies, the federal government agencies did not effectively regulate their financial activities. This allowed them to manipulate their financial records, hiding their weaknesses to shareholders and investors. It is therefore prudent to denote that McEwan and Miller are right when they assert that income inequalities was the main factor leading to the 2008 crisis, and there is a need of restructuring the economy, and improving the ability of the federal regulatory insti tutions. Works Cited: MacEwan, Arthur, and John A. Miller. Economic collapse, economic change: getting to the roots  of the crisis. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, 2011. Print. Paulet, Elisabeth. The subprime crisis and its impact on financial and managerial environments  an unequal repercussion at European level. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Pub., 2012. Print.   Schiek, Dagmar. The EU economic and social model in the global crisis: interdisciplinary  perspectives. Farnham (Surrey): Ashgate, 2013. Print. Shiller, Robert J. Subprime solution how todays global financial crisis happened, and what to do  about it.. Princeton: Princeton Univ Press, 2012. Print.

Eugenics in America Essay -- Sociology Essays Research Papers

Eugenics in America Eugenics profoundly impacted the culture of the twentieth century. Coined in 1893 by Sir Francis Galton, it studied the heredity and selection of favorable traits. Born out of the social tumults of the late nineteenth century, it represented the Western elite’s attempt to protect itself from so called â€Å"inferior† cultures of the colonies and â€Å"new wave† immigration. The late eighteenth century was a turbulent time throughout America. An influx of immigrants packed into massive cities such as New York and Chicago. As opposed to previously northern European immigration, a wave of â€Å"new† immigration in the 1890’s brought immigrants from southern and eastern Europe, who vastly differed culturally and religiously from their northern European counterparts. Some immigrants brought radical ideologies with them such as Marxism, anarchism, and monarchism, which completely differed from the American ideals of free markets, elections, and democracy. The massive influx of people crowded into sordid city blocks brought a slew of social problems such as alcoholism, poverty, murder, rape, and violence. Coupled with falling birth rates among the elite and rising birth rates among immigrants, Anglo-culture sought out an answer to defend itself against the â€Å"siege† of â€Å"inferior† cultures. The late nineteenth century saw the rise of â€Å"eugenics† throughout academia. Founded by Francis Galton (the word came into existence in 1893), eugenics was the study of the selection of favorable traits in society. Deeply influenced by Darwin, Galton published his first eugenicist tract in 1865 Hereditary Genius, which posited that man’s strength, talent, and skill is passed down genetically fr... ...â€Å"degenerate† or â€Å"inferior.† Popularized in the early twentieth, it manifested itself throughout American culture from textbooks to advertisements for household goods. Eugenics represented American culture’s vain attempt to grapple with non-western European cultures and cope with a quickly evolving social landscape. Bibliography Dolan DNA Learning Center, Cold Spring Laboratory, http://www.eugenicsarchive.org/eugenics/ School of Mathematics and Statistics at St. Andrew’s University http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Galton.html Pucker, Johnathan, History in the Influences of Intelligence Theory and Testing http://www.indiana.edu/~intell/galton.html Linden, Jeremy http://students.vassar.edu/jelinden/galton.htm McCleymer, Professor at Assumption College http://www.assumption.edu/users/McClymer/his394/contagion.html

Essay --

Isabel Archer: Her Quest For Freedom And Downfall The Portrait of a Lady is the most stunning achievement of Henry James's early period--in the 1860s and '70s when he was transforming himself from a talented young American into a resident of Europe, a citizen of the world, and one of the greatest novelists of modern times. Quest of freedom â€Å"The Portrait of a Lady† is a story about protagonist Isabel Archer, a penniless orphan. Many rich suitors come to her with a proposal of marriage but she declines, as she wanted to make an art of her life that is to follow her dreams, as she was a spirited and intelligent young woman. She was strong minded and stubbornly independent with an intensely sensual nature and a powerful desire to explore and engage with the world on her own and sees marriage as a prison that would limit her ability to experience her life. Isabel unexpectedly inherits a fortune, freeing her particularly from the need to marry. Now she could do whatever she wanted. She wanted to confidently pursue her dream and didn’t want anyone hold her back. Her cool independence is not a very "feminine" ideal, she seems to show no need but to fly. During her childhood she spends her time reading romantic philosophy, cultivating an idealistic view of the world of art, philosophy and learning, that of Europe but couldn’t have a practical taste of things. So when she inherits a fortune whole world spreads out in front of her giving her the opportunity to fulfil her dreams and to make an art of her life. She wanted to enjoy and break free. Now she could see and feel things in real terms. She didn’t want to get married and put an end to her freedom. She was a proud woman and was not shy to express what she felt. When someone asks her ... ...is that she has not been educated. None of her friends or relatives contributes to her education. Her father had assumed that the free, unfettered life with no real guidance was sufficient. Her Aunt thought that a visit to Gardencourt, to Paris to purchase clothes, and to Florence was sufficient. Ralph thought that providing Isabel with a fortune would be sufficient. They were all wrong. An education requires other more important components. An education requires others who care for and contribute to one's development. Isabel Archer did not have any of these others. It was no wonder that her education misfired. References Arnold Kettle, â€Å"Henry James: The Portrait of a Lady,† in The Portrait of a Lady, ed. Robert D. Bamberg (New York: W.W. Norton), 679. http://artsweb.bham.ac.uk/maf/Project1-02/Portrait.htm http://www.online-literature.com/henry_james/

A Sense Of Life Satisfaction Health And Social Care Essay

The survey of quality of life, self directed larning and issues of psychological, physical, societal and economic position in older grownups have been of import countries of research over the past few decennaries ( Maddox and Wiley, 1996 ) . Such researches have led to the development of schemes to maximise capacity and potency to cover with the jobs and procedures associated with ripening. At the same clip surveies of relationship between ego directed acquisition and geriatrics have been fuelled. Development of graduated tables like Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale – SDLRS ( Guglielmino, 1997 ) which aim to measure the preparedness of a individual to self-learn hold well increased the attending in the field of gerontology instruction literature. Surveies by Hassan ( 1991 ) and McCoy ( 1992 ) reflect straight relative relationship between grownup ‘s age and impulse to command learning.A However, for the older grownups there have been no published histories to echo the comparing between the tonss of SDLRS and quality of life. Though Dowden ( 2008 ) laid down that larning attempts consequence in improved life quality, it is now of import to find relationship between steps of life quality and preparedness for autonomous acquisition. Therefore, the focal point of the paper would be to analyze such relationships.AProblem StatementAThe present probe is based on a double job as evident from the debut and subsequently supported by the reappraisal of literature. The job countries are listed below. Some older grownups through ego directed learning overcome hurdlings to keep their province of good being, while most other older grownups find themselves awkward to keep this province. Better apprehension of why merely a few older grownups opt for autonomous acquisition to fulfill their intrinsic demands. A Measures of quality of life and leaning to larn vary well among the old aged grownups and these discrepancies form the evidences of the job countries under survey. Validating a nexus between willingness on autonomous acquisition and life quality can so put down the foundations of utilizing self directed acquisition as a scheme to keep high province of good being in older grownups.APurpose/ObjectivesAThis paper will specifically concentrate on two wide aims based on the job countries. Furthermore, since, non much has been published about grownup ‘s ego directed acquisition, hence, the research intent will be completed by a 3rd aim. To find and analyze the assorted considerations and methods in analyzing autonomous acquisition. To analyze the relationship between avidity for acquisition and quality of life in older grownups. To analyze the relationship between older grownup ‘s demographic variables and extent of autonomous acquisition preparedness.HypothesissA The undermentioned hypotheses were constituted to steer the analysis of informations. There is a positive relationship between avidity for acquisition and quality of life. There is a important difference in autonomous acquisition preparedness and quality of life of institutionalised topics and community based sample. There is a important relationship between older grownup ‘s demographic variables and extent of autonomous acquisition preparedness.Definition of Key FootingsAQuality of Life – The World Health Organization defines Quality of life as â€Å" an person ‘s perceptual experience of their place in life in the context of the civilization and value systems in which they live and in relation to their ends, outlooks, criterions and concerns. It is a wide ranging construct affected in a complex manner by the individual ‘s physical wellness, psychological province, personal beliefs, societal relationships and their relationship to salient characteristics of their environment † ( Oort, 2005 ) . Older AdultA – for the intent of the survey, any individual above the age of 60 old ages is defined as an older grownup.AReappraisal of LiteratureA A Campbell ( 1991 ) stated that quality of life is a obscure term and can non be explained by a individual precise definition. While Kalish ( 1995 ) discussed four important constructs of quality of life in relation to geriatrics: A sense of life satisfaction at the present age A socially acknowledged manner of life for the senior citizens. A sense of felicity with one ‘s activities and societal position. Care of desirable activities of mid-life. ( p.60 )AA This reflects a important relationship between geriatrics and quality of life where quality of life is viewed as a â€Å" major constituent † of successful ripening ( Leonard, 1982 ) . Later, Larson ( 1998 ) associated successful aging with province of wellbeing and stated that the latter is a â€Å" positive emotionalism experienced by older individuals. † ( 1998, p. 109 ) . Therefore, quality of life can be viewed as one ‘s sense of psychosocial wellbeing. A Subsequently, to make off with the restrictions of unidimensional graduated tables of quality of life and the multidimensional Quaity of Life Index A -QLIA ( Neugarten, et Al. 1961 ) , Salamon and Conte ( 1991 ) published a new step of quality of life. An Indian version of the same viz. â€Å" Scale K – Quality of Life inA the Aged † ( SKQLE ) contains 25items in five long Likert subscales viz. , â€Å" positive ego construct † , â€Å" positive affectivity † , â€Å" prosecuting a meaningful life † , â€Å" conformance in achieved and desired ends † and â€Å" control over learning activities † and 15 points in three short subscales viz. , â€Å" societal interactions † , â€Å" physiological and psychosocial wellness † and â€Å" economic stableness † . ( Khullar and Rai, 2009 ) For the intent of the present survey SKQLE was employed for two grounds. It was standardised on the population under survey i.e. in the Indian context The factors of the graduated table can be linked to geriatric instruction literature and/or preparedness for ego directed acquisition. In the undermentioned subdivisions, the SKQLE, proposed for informations aggregation in this survey, is discussed in item. In 1971, Tough categorized the attacks to analyze self directed larning phenomena for older grownups as learning undertakings ( Tough, 1971 ) . Later it was categorized as qualitative or autonomous preparedness ( Passmore, 1986 ) . Evidence based research findings reflected a wide scope of parametric quantities like psychosocial factors significantly correlate with ego directed learning preparedness. Based on the debut, besides the survey of quality of life of older people in context to residential scene is basically relevant. Findingss suggest that quality of life is significantly better in community sample than in a sample from institutionalised and long term attention puting ( Wolk and Telleen, 1999 ) . Furthermore, they published that the degree of quality is determined by other correlatives of the residential scene of the older grownups.MethodologyThis subdivision includes a elaborate treatment on the methodological analysis proposed for intent of the present research.Research DesignAAn Ex station facto research design has been used for the present survey. A The survey will therefore affect informations aggregation on the two aforementioned variables and any differences determined will reflect the fluctuation of consequences in rating attempts in conformity to self directed larning preparedness tonss, gender, residential scenes, age, and quality of life tonss without any use from the research worker ‘s terminal.LocationA The research is conceptualized maintaining in head the population of old aged grownups in India. However, with respect to the fluctuations in socioeconomic position and other demographic elements, it is necessary to specify the survey scene. The survey, therefore, includes older grownups populating in two scenes. One, elderly in place scenes in Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, who require minimum support and receive attention and other in senior citizen ‘s Grih Seva Sansthan, Lucknow, who do non necessitate twenty-four hours attention and are largely retired and self prolonging citizens. This puting facilitates placing the two groups mentioned in the proposed survey and besides aids in informations aggregation.Population and Sampling PlanTo reflect upon the population, it was determined that 284 people of 60 old ages of age or older live in place scenes while 366 reside in the Grih Seva Sansthan ( institutionalised scene ) . A From both scenes, a entire random sample of 200 people will be drawn utilizing a random tabular array. The sample shall represent 100 people from each scene. This sample will guarantee a normal distribution of tonss in SKQLE and SDLRS because of a satisfactory cross subdivision of topics in footings of age, gender, socio-economic position and residential scenes. The information therefore obtained will assist statistical comparings for the declared hypotheses.AData Collection ProceduresTo mensurate an independent variable, a dependent variable and other moderator variables two instruments shall been employed in the proposed survey. The graduated tables shall be distributed personally by the research worker and the location helper. Explanations shall be provided to those necessitating farther elucidations on the signifier. After a hebdomad ‘s clip, the research worker and location helper shall roll up the signifiers from the sample and thank them for their co-operation.AIndependent VariableA – The independent variable under survey is the Quality of Life, which shall be measured utilizing the Scale K of Quality of Life in Elderly ( SKQLE ) . Dependent VariableA – Readiness for ego directed acquisition is the dependent variable in the proposed survey. Moderating VariablesA -A The present research includes three moderator variables- residential scene, gender and age.ToolsScale K – Quality of Life inA the Aged † ( SKQLE ) has been developed by Khullar and Rai ( 2009 ) . It is a self study stock list incorporating 43 points out of which 40 points are divided into short and long graduated tables, all concentrating on measuring of quality of life, as mentioned in the reappraisal of literature. The other three points assess the moderating variables. The manual shows the internal dependability coefficient of the graduated table as 0.93 while the trial retest dependability coefficient is 0.84. There is no reference the cogency of the graduated table. Give this restriction, SKQLE is still widely accepted owing to its high dependability coefficient and possible attack to mensurate the variables of quality of life. The Hindi interlingual rendition of Self Directed Learning Readiness Scale ( SDLRS ) has been employed in the proposed survey to mensurate the dependent variable. Guglielmino ( 1997 ) developed this graduated table to measure the perceptual experiences of the topics about the extent to which they possess attributes indispensable for ego directed acquisition. It is a 58-item Likert graduated table, with a reported dependability coefficient of.87 and a high internal and prognostic cogency.Datas AnalysisAFor the intent of analysis of informations, the hypotheses are shown in void signifier and different methods of analysis are proposed. There is no important relationship between avidity for acquisition and quality of life. There is no important difference in autonomous acquisition preparedness and quality of life of institutionalised topics and community based sample. There is no important difference in autonomous acquisition preparedness and quality of life in males and females. There is no important difference in autonomous acquisition preparedness and quality of life based on age. A The first hypothesis will be tested with a Pearson correlativity coefficient. The 2nd and 3rd hypotheses will be tested by chi-square, and 4th by t-test at.05 degree of significance. A corporate proving shall follow utilizing Analysis Of Variance ( ANOVA )ASignificance of the surveyThere have been extended surveies on the variables of quality of life and leaning for autonomous acquisition. But there have been no important surveies that have studied the two together and reported it in the context of older people. The research therefore proposed is important to set up a relationship between the two variables taking into history the extent to which the demographic variables act upon the preparedness for larning. It shall besides spread out the cognition base in context of older grownups as possible scholars. Schemes can be founded on its consequences to magnify the potency of older people to cover efficaciously with the jobs of old age and bettering quality of life.ARestrictionsAOwing to the heterogeneousness of the older population, certain sections might be overlooked or can non be included hence, the generalizability of the consequences of the survey remains geographically limited. The independent and dependent variable are non concrete concepts but subjective perceptual experiences about one ‘s accomplishments to add value to life, therefore the consequences of the survey may be affected by dysfunctional beliefs about oneself. In absence of information about the cogency of SKQLE, the survey faces a restriction of formalizing what the tool purports to mensurate. Though at that place in information about high dependability of the tool, merely future researches with other sample and tools may steer better cognition of the constructs being studied in the proposed research.